R-Phi Gate

R-phi Gate

The Rϕ-gate performs a rotation of 𝜙 around the Z-axis. It has the matrix: $$ R_\phi = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{i\phi} \end{bmatrix}$$

%matplotlib inline
import numpy as np
import IPython
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit
from qiskit.tools.jupyter import *
from qiskit.visualization import *
import seaborn as sns
sns.set()

from helper import *
import os
import glob
import moviepy.editor as mpy

R-Phi (1 qubit)

qc1 = QuantumCircuit(1)
qc1.rz(np.pi/4, 0)

style = {'backgroundcolor': 'lavender'}
qc1.draw(output='mpl', style = style)

png

getStateVector(qc1)

array([1.+0.j, 0.+0.j])

getBlochSphere(qc1)

png

R-phi (2 qubits)

qc2 = QuantumCircuit(2)
qc2.rz(np.pi/4, 0)
qc2.rz(np.pi/4, 1)
style = {'backgroundcolor': 'lavender'}
qc2.draw(output='mpl', style = style)

png

Fun Experiment (1 qubit)

qc_e1 = QuantumCircuit(1)
qc_e1.h(0)
qc_e1.barrier()
for i in range(10):
    qc_e1.rz(np.pi/5, 0)   
qc_e1.barrier()
qc_e1.h(0)
style = {'backgroundcolor': 'lavender'}
qc_e1.draw(output='mpl', style = style)

png

Get Bloch

Get Phase

Fun Experiment (2 qubits)

qc = QuantumCircuit(2)
qc.h(0)
qc.u3(np.pi/4,np.pi/4,0,1)
qc.barrier()
for i in range(8):
    qc.rz(np.pi/4, 0) 
    qc.rz(np.pi/4, 1)

qc.barrier()
qc.h(0)
qc.u3(-np.pi/4,-np.pi/4,0,1)
style = {'backgroundcolor': 'lavender'}
qc.draw(output='mpl', style = style)

png

Get Bloch

Get Phase

Special R-phi Gates:

$ R_{\phi}$ gate is reprisented by $S$ gate when $ \phi = \pi/2 $. It is also called $ \sqrt{Z} $ gate.

$$ S = \left( \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{\frac{i\pi}{2}} \end{array}\right), \quad S^\dagger = \left( \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{-\frac{i\pi}{2}} \end{array}\right) $$

$ R_{\phi} $ gate is reprisented by $ T $ gate when $ \phi = \pi/4 $.

$$T = \left( \begin{array} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{\frac{i\pi}{4}} \end{array}\right), \quad T^\dagger = \left( \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{-\frac{i\pi}{4}} \end{array}\right)$$